Power exhaust is a crucial issue for future fusion reactors.Divertor detachment and the required power dissipation fractions of about 95% are foreseen to be achieved by impurity seeding.In a tokamak, at high seeding levels the radiation often concentrates in a small region inside the confined plasma near the X-point.In early observations the so-cal

The authors present the results of modeling the temperature drift of the resonator path length of a laser gyroscope based on a ring helium-neon laser with circular polarization of radiation and a magneto-optical frequency bias based on the Zeeman effect using the MATLAB mathematical package.The algorithm developed and implemented Baking Chocolate i

Background and Objectives: Making developmental changes in a society requires systematic modifications.Education is a powerful driving force behind it.Due to the limitation of budget and space in most Iranian schools and time-consuming nature of fundamental changes in teaching methods, the capacity of non-formal education should be considered to co

This issue of our Journal has some special features and innovations.First of all, it is a more capacious issue than usual: it contains two special issues, which we decided to put side by side to ensure that both would be published in an issue in the year 2022.The first Hair Pins is dedicated to the topic of the call that we presented two issues ago

Recent efforts have led to the development of extremely sophisticated methods for incorporating tree-wide data and accommodating uncertainty when estimating the temporal patterns of phylogenetic trees, but assignment of prior constraints on node age remains the most important factor.This depends largely on understanding substantive disagreements be